ISO TR 24291-2021 pdf free download – Health informatics — Applications of machine learning technologies in imaging and other medical applications.
5.1.2Robotics
ln robotics,Al can provide high quality treatments by increasing the precision and accuracy of thesurgical process.For example, it can control the trajectory, depth, and speed of the robot movementswith high precision and can go where traditional tools cannot. It can also reduce the burdens of thesurgeons during surgery by providing the same, repetitive movements without fatigue.
5.1.3 Continuous monitoring
Proper treatment within golden time could be performed by continuously monitoring of patientcondition and alerting nurses by Al.Al model with continuous monitoring data also can alert theclinicians before onset.
5.1.4 Machine learning
By using traditional machine learning methods, Al can be used to predict response by analysing dataaffecting treatment outcomes.
5.1.5 Deep learning
By using deep learning, self-learning ability to process large amounts of imaging and audios recordsin medicine, reducing uncertainty in medical treatment decisions including computer aided detection,computer aided diagnosis, computer aided differential diagnosis, and clinical decision support system.Deep learning can handle multiple different types of clinical data such as images, texts, and signals atthe same time.
5.1.6 Image processing
In image processing,Al can be used to process large-scale medical images and apply them to detectdiseases, diagnosis,etc. Al for clinical image handling has demonstrated its performance in clinicalsettings.
5.1.7 Natural language processing
In NLP,Al can be used to translate long descriptive character sets such as electric medical records to beinterpreted, i.e. extracting the information from unstructured electronic medical records.
5.1.8Audio recognition
In audio recognition,by recognizing voice and language of patient,Al can automatically dictateimportant information in electronic medical records.
5.1.9 Bigdata analysis
In bigdata analysis，Al can be used to process vast patient health records held by healthcareorganizations and provide tailored recommendations to patients and providers.
5.1.10 Prediction modeling
In prediction modeling,Al models can be applied to predict outcomes such as predicting risk disorders.5.2 Categories based on medical specialty
5.2.1 General
The applications of Al in medicine can be categorized by medical specialty as in Table 2.
5.2.2Radiology and Pathology
In Radiology and Pathology，Al can be used for fully automated quantification,computer aideddetection, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis on radiologic or pathologic images and automateddictation system.
5.2.3Dermatology
In Dermatology, skin cancer detection and classification could be one of typical use cases.5.2.4 Ophthalmology
In Ophthalmology,Al can be used for eye disease detection and classification in retina image and OCT.
5.2.5 Internal Medicine
In Internal Medicine, complication and outcome prediction, and clinical decision support system couldbe one of important use cases.
5.2.6Cardiology
In Cardiology,quantification，computer aided detection,diagnosis, and differential diagnosis oncardiologic images, complication and outcome prediction, and clinical decision support system could beone of use cases.
5.2.7 Neurology,Urology, surgery
ln Neurology, Urology, Surgery, Al can be used for complication and outcome prediction, and clinicaldecision support system.
5.2.8Anaesthesiologist, Intensive Care Unit
ln Anaesthesiologist, Intensive Care Unit (ICu), continuous monitoring system and complication andoutcome prediction could be one of important applications.
5.2.9 Emergency
In Emergency, automated triages system, continuous monitoring system, complication and outcomeprediction could be one of important applications.
5.3Categories based on medical usage5.3.1General
The examples of Al in medicine can be categorized by their medical usages including clinical trials,clinical assistance,data-based precision medicine, diagnostic imaging, logistics in ORs and wards,robot surgery, and drug development in medicine (see Table 3 and Figure 1).ISO TR 24291 pdf download.