BS EN 71-8-2018 pdf free download.Safety of toys Part 8: Activity toys for domestic use
4.2.2 Ladders and similar means of access to activity toys (see The requirements in 4.2.2 do not ap ply to activity toys with a height of 600 mm or less.
Ladd ers and similar means of access to actívíty toys shall comply with the following requi rements:
a) any opening shall comply with 4.3.1 (h ead and neck entrapment);
b) where a ladder or a st air is used , the latera l width of the tread or rung shall be 240 mm or more (see Figllre 2 a , dimensions ofladders));
c) the distance between the upper surfaces of the tre a ds or rungs shall not exceed 310 mm when measured vertically as indicated in Fi gure 2 b , details of a step ladder). This requirement does not
apply to the vertical distance between the ground and the upper surface of the first step;
d) the surface of the tread shall not be slippe ry . This can be achieved by corrugation of the steps or by the use ofnon of mater ials;
e) when ladd ers are prov ided with rungs , the cross-sectional dimension of the rungs shall be not less than 16 mm and not more tha n 45 mm;
depth oftreads on closed step l adders shall be 120 mm or more;
g) the inclination for ladders that are fixed to a toy shall be between 55 0 and 90 0 to the horizontal;
h) la dde rs any part ofwhich reaches a height of 1200 mm or more from the ground shall be provided with handrails from a height of not more than 600 mm from the ground to the t op of the pl atform (see Figure 2 a)). This requi r emen t does not apply to l adders with rungs.
4.3 Entrapment (s ee A.7)
4.3.1 Entrapment ofhead a nd neck
Activity toys shall be constructed so that any openings do not crea te head and neck entrapment hazards eit h er by head first or feet first passage.
Hazardous situations in which this type of entrapment can be encountered include the following:
completely bOllnd openings throllgh which a user may slide feet first or head first;partially bOllnd or V-shaped openings;
other openings (e.g. sh ear ing or moving openings).
a) Accessible completely bound open ings with a lower edge mor e than 600 mm above ground , or above any other s urf ace which is of such a size that it will support a child , shall be tested in accordance with 6.5.1 (head and neck entrapment in accessible completely bound openings).
Probes C (see Figure 17) or E (see Figure 19) shall not pass through any opening unless it also allows the passage of the large head probe D (see Fi g ure 18).
completely bound openings , that allow the free passage of probe C (see Figure 17) , when tested according to 6.5.1 (head and neck entrapment in accessible completely bound openings) shall have no tha t converge in t he downward direction at an angle of less than 60 0 if the lower
edge is 600 mm or more above the ground (V -shaped opening).
c) Partially bound and V-sh aped openings with an entrance at 600 mm or mor e above the ground , or above any other surface which is of such a size that it will support a child , shall be constructed so that either:
1) the opening is not accessible as defined in Figure 22 (method of insertion of the “8” portion of probe F) , when tested according to 6.5.2 .3 a) (head and neck entrapme nt in partially bound and V-shaped openings); or
2) if the opening is accessib le at a position of 600 mm or more above g rou nd when tested inaccordance with 6.5.2 .3 a) (head an d neck entra pm e nt in partially bound and V-s hap ed openings) , depending on the angular orientation range of the open ing (see Fig ur e 20 , checking all inse r tion angles to determine ra nge) , it shall conform to the following:
i) Range 1: (p r obe F (see Figure 21) centre line + 45 0 from vert ical); when the probe F apex contac ts the base of the openin g, the depth of the opening shall be less than the length of
probe F to the under side of the s ho ulder section.
ii) Ran ge 2: (probe F centre line from horizon tal to + 45 0 ); when the probe F ap ex contacts the base of the open i ng , th e depth of t he opening shall be less than the ‘A’ po rt io n of probe F. If
the depth of the o penin g is greater than the ‘A’ p ort i on of probe F all parts of the opening ab ove t he ‘A’ po r tion shall also allow insertion of the sho ulder sectio n of pro be F or
probe D (s ee F igure 18 ).
iii) Ran ge 3: No probe t est requ ir eme nts.
d) No n-r igid members (for example ropes) shall not overlap if , by do i ng so , the y create openings t hat do not conform to the requi r ements for completely boun d openings.
e) Openings b etween f1 exible suspended bri dges and any rigid side members shall not be less than 230 mm in di ameter under the most onerous condition of loading. B oth loaded an d unloaded
situations shall be cons i de red; devices with sus pension ro pes h ang i ng from a crossbeam sha ll not create a head and neck entrapment in the area of the sta rti ng and sliding sections of sli des . For ad ju stable means of
su spension , the most onerous l ength shall be use d.
4.3.2 Entrapment of c1 0thing and hair
a) Slides , fire man’s poles and roofs shall be constructed so that hazardous situations in wh ich c1 0thing or ha ir can be entrapped are not created. Such situations may be created by:
1 ) gaps or V-sh aped openings in wh i ch pa rt s of c1 0thing can become entrapped while , or immediately be fo re , the u ser is undergoing a forced moveme nt;
2) protrusions; and
3) s pindl esj ro tating parts.BS EN 71-8 pdf download.